/** * NewGuideCanvas.java */ /* A Java class for * TwoWire.java * Electromagnetic Transmission Line Applet * Applet without Smith Chart - Prepared by Umberto Ravaioli * for 6th edition of Fundamentals of Applied Electromagnetics Book * May 2009 - All Rights Reserved */ import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; import java.awt.geom.*; import java.awt.image.*; import java.text.*; import java.util.*; //import maestro.lib.math.*; //import maestro.lib.graphics.*; public class NewGuideCanvas extends Canvas implements MouseListener{ //private static final Color bgcolor = new Color(236,236,221); private static final Color bgcolor = Color.white; private static final Color medium1Color = Color.yellow; private static final Color medium2Color = Color.cyan; private static final int LeftMargin=20, RightMargin=10, TopMargin=10, BottomMargin=10; //private static final Font labfont2 = new Font("SanSerif",Font.PLAIN,12); public static Font labfont2; private int yBottom; private double frequency, a, b, w, epsilon_r, epsilon_r0, mu_r, phase_velocity, phase_velocity0; private double a_maximum, w_maximum, b_maximum, sigma2, sigma_metal; // Exact epsilon for exact phase velocity //private static final double epsilon0 = 8.8541878176E-12; //Units: F/m // Approximate epsilon for phase velocity 3 x 10^8 m/s private static final double epsilon0 = 8.841941286E-12; //8.8541878176E-12; //Units: F/m private static final double mu0 = 1.25663706144E-6; //Units H/m private Image im; private Graphics buf; private String stmp; private double temp; private boolean IsFocusOn; public NewGuideCanvas(){ super(); IsFocusOn = false; setBackground(bgcolor); //Listeners this.addMouseListener(this); a = 10.0; // mm a_maximum = 11.0; //mm b = 0.005; //mm b_maximum = 0.5; //mm w = 1.5; //mm w_maximum = 11.0; //mm epsilon_r = 2.3; epsilon_r0 = 1.0; mu_r = 1.0; frequency = 1.0E9; sigma2 = 0.0; sigma_metal = 5.8E7 ; } public void drawCanvas(Graphics g){ g.clearRect(0,0,getSize().width,getSize().height); g.setColor(Color.black); //if(IsFocusOn){drawBackLabels(g);} //drawAxis(g); drawGuide(g); } private void drawAxis(Graphics g){ Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D)g; g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON); double theta = Math.PI/4.0; int ArrowPos1, ArrowPos2; int Lsize = 30; g.setColor(Color.black); //Vertical axis g.drawLine(LeftMargin,getSize().height-BottomMargin,LeftMargin,getSize().height-BottomMargin-Lsize); MaestroG.drawArrow(LeftMargin,getSize().height-BottomMargin-Lsize,5,g); //Horizontal axis g.drawLine(LeftMargin,getSize().height-BottomMargin,LeftMargin+Lsize,getSize().height-BottomMargin); //Draw up arrow MaestroG.drawArrow(LeftMargin+Lsize,getSize().height-BottomMargin,7,g); //Third axis g.drawLine(LeftMargin,getSize().height-BottomMargin, LeftMargin+(int)(Lsize*Math.cos(theta)),getSize().height-BottomMargin-(int)(Lsize*Math.sin(theta))); g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON); g.setColor(Color.black); // draw line int tipH = -25; int horizH = LeftMargin; int verticH = getSize().height-BottomMargin; //g.drawLine(horizH,verticH,horizH-tipH,verticH+tipH); //draw oblique arrow head Polygon pH = new Polygon(); pH.addPoint(horizH - tipH,verticH + tipH); pH.addPoint(horizH - (tipH + 2),verticH +(tipH + 6)); pH.addPoint(horizH - (tipH + 6),verticH + (tipH + 2)); //g.drawPolygon(pH); //g.fillPolygon(pH); MaestroG.drawArrow(LeftMargin+(int)(Lsize*Math.cos(theta)),getSize().height-BottomMargin-(int)(Lsize*Math.sin(theta)),9,g); g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON); //Draw labels for axes //g.setFont(new Font("SanSerif",Font.PLAIN,12)); g.setFont(labfont2); FontMetrics fm = g.getFontMetrics(); g.drawString("x",LeftMargin-fm.stringWidth("x")/2,getSize().height-BottomMargin-Lsize-10); g.drawString("y",LeftMargin+Lsize+10+fm.stringWidth("y"), getSize().height-BottomMargin+fm.getHeight()/3); g.drawString("z",LeftMargin+(int)(Lsize*Math.cos(theta))+10,getSize().height-BottomMargin-(int)(Lsize*Math.sin(theta))+2); } private void drawGuide(Graphics g){ int xLeft, xRight, xCenter, xRef, yCenter; int yTop, width, thick, widthmax, amax, thickmax; int slabDH;//Thickness of the slab int slabDepth; //Depth of the slab double theta = Math.PI/4.0; Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D)g; g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON); thickmax = 5; widthmax = 100; amax =100; if( w_maximum >= a_maximum){ amax = (int)(a_maximum/w_maximum*widthmax); thickmax = (int)(b_maximum/a_maximum*amax); } if(w_maximum < a_maximum){ amax = 100; widthmax = (int)(w_maximum/a_maximum*amax); thickmax = (int)(b_maximum/a_maximum*amax); } width = (int)(w/w_maximum*widthmax)+1; if(w==0.0){ width = 0; } thick = (int)(b/b_maximum*thickmax)+1; if(b==0.0){ thick = 0; } int movex = 0; int movey = 3; // draw inside bottom wall g.setColor(new Color(234,245,255)); //g.fillRect(15+movex,40+movey, 260,100); Polygon boxbot = new Polygon(); boxbot.addPoint(15+movex,140+movey); boxbot.addPoint(175+movex,movey); boxbot.addPoint(307+movex,movey); boxbot.addPoint(275+movex,40+movey); boxbot.addPoint(275+movex,140+movey); g.fillPolygon(boxbot); // draw top of box //Polygon boxtop = new Polygon(); //boxtop.addPoint(15+movex,40+movey); //boxtop.addPoint(67+movex,movey); //boxtop.addPoint(287+movex,movey); //boxtop.addPoint(255+movex,40+movey); //g.fillPolygon(boxtop); // draw outside wall on right g.setColor(new Color(224,235,245)); Polygon boxside = new Polygon(); boxside.addPoint(307+movex,movey); boxside.addPoint(275+movex,40+movey); boxside.addPoint(275+movex,140+movey); boxside.addPoint(307+movex,100+movey); g.fillPolygon(boxside); Color MetalColor1 = Color.lightGray; Color MetalColor2 = new Color(220,220,220); Color MetalColor3 = new Color(235,235,235); xLeft = LeftMargin+40; xRight = getSize().width - RightMargin-80; xCenter = (xRight+xLeft)/2; yCenter = getSize().height/2; xRef = xCenter-width/2; yBottom = TopMargin+60+(int)(a/a_maximum*amax)+1; yTop = TopMargin+60; slabDH = 5; slabDepth = 90; // Draw waveguide double raggio = (double)(width/2); int iraggio = (width/2); g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON); int x1 = xCenter+(int)(2*Math.sin(theta)*raggio); int y1 = yCenter-(int)(3.25*Math.sin(theta)*raggio); int x2 = xCenter+(int)(3.25*Math.sin(theta)*raggio); int y2 = yCenter-(int)(2*Math.sin(theta)*raggio); int far = 150; //cylinder lines for conductors g2d.setPaint(new GradientPaint(xCenter+iraggio-(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)-(int)(Math.sin(theta)*iraggio), yCenter-(int)(Math.sin(theta)*iraggio),Color.white, xCenter+iraggio-(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)+(int)(Math.sin(theta)*iraggio)-1,yCenter+(int)(Math.sin(theta)*iraggio), Color.gray)); //g2d.setPaint(new GradientPaint(113.0f,10.0f,Color.white,182.0f,10.0f,Color.lightGray)); Polygon pK = new Polygon(); pK.addPoint(xCenter+iraggio-(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)-(int)(Math.sin(theta)*iraggio), yCenter-(int)(Math.sin(theta)*iraggio)); pK.addPoint(xCenter+iraggio-(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)+(int)(Math.sin(theta)*iraggio)-1,yCenter+(int)(Math.sin(theta)*iraggio)); pK.addPoint((x1+x2)/2+2*far,(y1+y2)/2-2*far); pK.addPoint((x1+x2)/2+2*far,(y1+y2)/2-2*far); g.fillPolygon(pK); // conductor on left g.setColor(Color.lightGray); g.drawLine(xCenter+iraggio-(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)-(int)(Math.sin(theta)*iraggio),yCenter-(int)(Math.sin(theta)*iraggio), (x1+x2)/2+2*far,(y1+y2)/2-2*far); g.setColor(Color.gray); g.drawLine(xCenter+iraggio-(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)+(int)(Math.sin(theta)*iraggio)-1,yCenter+(int)(Math.sin(theta)*iraggio), (x1+x2)/2+2*far,(y1+y2)/2-2*far); // conductor on the right g.setColor(bgcolor); g2d.setPaint(new GradientPaint(xCenter+iraggio+(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)-(int)(Math.sin(theta)*iraggio), yCenter-(int)(Math.sin(theta)*iraggio),Color.white, xCenter+iraggio+(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)+(int)(Math.sin(theta)*iraggio)-1,yCenter+60*(int)(Math.sin(theta)*iraggio)/100, Color.gray)); //g2d.setPaint(new GradientPaint(193.0f,10.0f,Color.white,242.0f,10.0f,Color.lightGray)); Polygon pH = new Polygon(); pH.addPoint(xCenter+iraggio+(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)-(int)(Math.sin(theta)*iraggio), yCenter-(int)(Math.sin(theta)*iraggio)); pH.addPoint(xCenter+iraggio+(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)+(int)(Math.sin(theta)*iraggio)-1,yCenter+(int)(Math.sin(theta)*iraggio)); pH.addPoint((x1+x2)/2+2*far,(y1+y2)/2-2*far); pH.addPoint((x1+x2)/2+2*far,(y1+y2)/2-2*far); //g.drawPolygon(pH); g.fillPolygon(pH); g.setColor(Color.lightGray); g.drawLine(xCenter+iraggio+(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)-(int)(Math.sin(theta)*iraggio),yCenter-(int)(Math.sin(theta)*iraggio), (x1+x2)/2+2*far,(y1+y2)/2-2*far); g.setColor(Color.gray); g.drawLine(xCenter+iraggio+(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)+(int)(Math.sin(theta)*iraggio)-1,yCenter+(int)(Math.sin(theta)*iraggio), (x1+x2)/2+2*far,(y1+y2)/2-2*far); // Border strip on top g.setColor(bgcolor); g.fillRect(getSize().width/3,0,2*getSize().width/3+10,3); // draw vertical inner wall on the left g.setColor(new Color(224,235,245)); Polygon box2 = new Polygon(); box2.addPoint(15+movex,140+movey); box2.addPoint(175+movex,movey); box2.addPoint(65+movex,movey); box2.addPoint(15+movex,40+movey); // bottom line g.fillPolygon(box2); g.setColor(Color.lightGray); g.drawLine(15+movex,140+movey, 175+movex,movey); // Make top ob box slightly transparent int rule; float alpha; rule = AlphaComposite.SRC_OVER; alpha = 0.90f; g2d.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(rule, alpha)); g.setColor(new Color(245,245,255)); // draw top of box to appear as if opaque Polygon boxtop2 = new Polygon(); boxtop2.addPoint(15+movex,40+movey); boxtop2.addPoint(67+movex,movey); boxtop2.addPoint(307+movex,movey); boxtop2.addPoint(275+movex,40+movey); g.fillPolygon(boxtop2); alpha = 0.2f; g2d.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(rule, alpha)); // draw front rectangle - semitransparent g.setColor(new Color(250,250,250)); g.fillRect(15+movex,40+movey, 260,100); // return to opaque (alpha = 1.0) g2d.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(rule, 1.0f)); //g.setColor(Color.red); // Draw wires g.setColor(new Color(155,155,155)); g.fillOval(xCenter-(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2),yCenter-(int)(iraggio),width,width); g.fillOval(xCenter+(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2),yCenter-(int)(iraggio),width,width); //g.setColor(new Color(225,225,225)); g.setColor(new Color(240,240,240)); g.fillOval(xCenter+1-(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2),yCenter-(int)(iraggio)+1,width-2,width-2); g.fillOval(xCenter+1+(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2),yCenter-(int)(iraggio)+1,width-2,width-2); // Draw lines for wire diameters g.setColor(Color.red); g.drawLine(xCenter-(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2),yCenter, xCenter-(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2),yCenter-(int)(iraggio)-25); g.drawLine(xCenter+(int)(width)-(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)-1,yCenter, xCenter+(int)(width)-(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)-1,yCenter-(int)(iraggio)-25); g.drawLine(xCenter+(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2),yCenter, xCenter+(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2),yCenter-(int)(iraggio)-25); g.drawLine(xCenter+(int)(width)+(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)-1,yCenter, xCenter+(int)(width)+(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)-1,yCenter-(int)(iraggio)-25); if((int)(iraggio) > 10){ g.drawLine(xCenter+(int)(width)-(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)-1,yCenter-(int)(iraggio)-20, xCenter-(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2),yCenter-(int)(iraggio)-20); g.drawLine(xCenter+(int)(width)+(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)-1,yCenter-(int)(iraggio)-20, xCenter+(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2),yCenter-(int)(iraggio)-20); MaestroG.drawArrow(xCenter+(int)(width)-(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)-10, yCenter-(int)(iraggio)-20,7,g); MaestroG.drawArrow(xCenter-(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)+10, yCenter-(int)(iraggio)-20,8,g); MaestroG.drawArrow(xCenter+(int)(width)+(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)-10, yCenter-(int)(iraggio)-20,7,g); MaestroG.drawArrow(xCenter+(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)+10, yCenter-(int)(iraggio)-20,8,g); } else{ g.drawLine(xCenter+(int)(width)-(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2),yCenter-(int)(iraggio)-20, xCenter-(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2),yCenter-(int)(iraggio)-20); g.drawLine(xCenter+(int)(width)+(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2),yCenter-(int)(iraggio)-20, xCenter+(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2),yCenter-(int)(iraggio)-20); if((int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2) > 15){ MaestroG.drawArrow(xCenter+(int)(width)-(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)+9, yCenter-(int)(iraggio)-20,8,g); } MaestroG.drawArrow(xCenter-(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)-10, yCenter-(int)(iraggio)-20,7,g); MaestroG.drawArrow(xCenter+(int)(width)+(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)+9, yCenter-(int)(iraggio)-20,8,g); if((int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2) > 15){ MaestroG.drawArrow(xCenter+(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)-10, yCenter-(int)(iraggio)-20,7,g); } } // Draw lines for arrow between centers g.drawLine(xCenter+(int)(iraggio)+(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2),yCenter+(int)(iraggio), xCenter+(int)(iraggio)+(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2),yCenter+(int)(iraggio)+20); g.drawLine(xCenter+(int)(iraggio)-(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2),yCenter+(int)(iraggio), xCenter+(int)(iraggio)-(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2),yCenter+(int)(iraggio)+20); if((int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2) > 10){ g.drawLine(xCenter+(int)(iraggio)+(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2),yCenter+(int)(iraggio)+15, xCenter+(int)(iraggio)-(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2),yCenter+(int)(iraggio)+15); MaestroG.drawArrow(xCenter+(int)(iraggio)+(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)-10,yCenter+(int)(iraggio)+15,7,g); MaestroG.drawArrow(xCenter+(int)(iraggio)-(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)+10,yCenter+(int)(iraggio)+15,8,g); } else{g.drawLine(xCenter+(int)(iraggio)+(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2),yCenter+(int)(iraggio)+15, xCenter+(int)(iraggio)-(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2),yCenter+(int)(iraggio)+15); MaestroG.drawArrow(xCenter+(int)(iraggio)+(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)+10,yCenter+(int)(iraggio)+15,8,g); MaestroG.drawArrow(xCenter+(int)(iraggio)-(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)-10,yCenter+(int)(iraggio)+15,7,g); } g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON); // Draw Labels g.drawString("d",xCenter+(int)(iraggio)-(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)-3,yCenter-(int)(iraggio)-27); g.drawString("d",xCenter+(int)(iraggio)+(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)-3,yCenter-(int)(iraggio)-27); g.drawString("D",xCenter+(int)(iraggio)-3,yCenter+(int)(iraggio)+30); g.setColor(Color.black); g.drawString("+",xCenter+(int)(iraggio)-(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)-4,yCenter+5); g.drawString("+",xCenter+(int)(iraggio)+(int)(a/a_maximum*amax/2)-4,yCenter+5); g.setColor(Color.black); int x = 100; int y = getSize().height-5; double f_normalized; /* if(frequency < 1.0E3){ f_normalized = frequency; g.drawString(" f = "+MaestroA.rounder(f_normalized,6)+" [ Hz ]",x,y); } else if(frequency < 1.0E6 && frequency >= 1.0E3 ){ f_normalized = frequency/1.0E3; g.drawString(" f = "+MaestroA.rounder(f_normalized,6)+" [ kHz ]",x,y); } else if(frequency < 1.0E9 && frequency >= 1.0E6 ){ f_normalized = frequency/1.0E6; g.drawString(" f = "+MaestroA.rounder(f_normalized,6)+" [ MHz ]",x,y); } else if(frequency < 1.0E12 && frequency >= 1.0E9 ){ f_normalized = frequency/1.0E9; g.drawString(" f = "+MaestroA.rounder(f_normalized,6)+" [ GHz ]",x,y); } else if(frequency < 1.0E15 && frequency >= 1.0E12 ){ f_normalized = frequency/1.0E12; g.drawString(" f = "+MaestroA.rounder(f_normalized,6)+" [ THz ]",x,y); } else{ f_normalized = frequency/1.0E12; g.drawString(" f = "+MaestroA.rounder(f_normalized,6)+" [ THz ]",x,y); } */ //MaestroG.subscripter("\u03bc","r"," = 1.0",g,12,18,42); //MaestroG.subscripter("\u03b5","r"," = "+MaestroA.rounder(epsilon_r,4),g,12,18,27); //MaestroG.subscripter("\u03c3",""," = "+MaestroA.rounder(sigma2,6)+" S/m",g,12,23,13); g.setColor(Color.lightGray); g.drawLine(15+movex,40+movey, 67+movex,0+movey); g.drawLine(275+movex,40+movey, 307+movex,0+movey); g.drawLine(15+movex,40+movey, 275+movex,40+movey); g.drawLine(15+movex,140+movey, 275+movex,140+movey); g.drawLine(15+movex,40+movey, 15+movex,140+movey); g.drawLine(275+movex,40+movey, 275+movex,140+movey); g.drawLine(275+movex,140+movey, 307+movex,100+movey); //g.setColor(new Color(194,235,255)); //g.fillRect(25,50, 240,100); //g.setFont(symbfont); //g.drawString("\u03bc",10,42); //g.drawString("\u03c3",13,13); //g.drawString("\u03b5",13,27); g.setFont(labfont2); if(w >= a){ g.setColor(Color.red); int xstart1 = 5; g.drawString("WARNING!",xstart1, 65); g.drawString("Reduce ",xstart1, 80); g.drawString("diameter d",xstart1, 95); g.drawString("or increase",xstart1, 110); g.drawString("distance D",xstart1, 125); } int refnew = yTop+30; g.setColor(Color.red); g.drawString("Substrate",25,165); g.drawString("Wires",170,165); g.setColor(Color.black); MaestroG.subscripter("\u03b5","r"," = "+MaestroA.rounder(epsilon_r,4), g,12,18,180); MaestroG.subscripter("\u03c3",""," = "+MaestroA.rounder(sigma2,6)+ " [S/m]",g,12,23,195); DecimalFormat dec = new DecimalFormat("0.###E0"); MaestroG.subscripter("\u03c3","c"," = "+dec.format(sigma_metal)+ " [S/m]",g,12,165,180); //MaestroG.subscripter("\u03c3","c"," = "+MaestroA.rounder(sigma_metal,6)+ // " [S/m]",g,12,165,180); g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_OFF); } public synchronized void setThick(double b){ this.b = b; repaint(); } public synchronized void setThickmax(double b_maximum){ this.b_maximum = b_maximum; repaint(); } public synchronized void setStrip(double w){ this.w = w; repaint(); } public synchronized void setStripmax(double w_maximum){ this.w_maximum = w_maximum; repaint(); } public synchronized void setFrequency(double frequency){ this.frequency = frequency; } public synchronized void setWidth(double a){ this.a = a; } public synchronized void setWidthMax(double a_maximum){ this.a_maximum = a_maximum; } public synchronized void setEpsilon(double epsilon_r){ this.epsilon_r = epsilon_r; } public synchronized void setEpsilon0(double epsilon_r0){ this.epsilon_r0 = epsilon_r0; } public synchronized void setMu(double mu){ this.mu_r = mu; } public synchronized void setSigma2(double sigma2){ this.sigma2 = sigma2; } public synchronized void setSigmaMetal(double sigma_metal){ this.sigma_metal = sigma_metal; } public void paint(Graphics g){ if(im == null){ im = createImage(getSize().width,getSize().height); buf = im.getGraphics(); drawCanvas(buf); } else{ drawCanvas(buf); } g.drawImage(im,0,0,null); } public void update(Graphics g){ paint(g); } public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent evt){} public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent evt){ IsFocusOn = true; repaint(); } public void mouseExited(MouseEvent evt){ IsFocusOn = false; repaint(); } public void mousePressed(MouseEvent evt){} public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent evt){} }